The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the mother of Duke Guillaume as "filia…Herbertus pelliparius et uxor eius Doda sive Duwa", specifying that they were from Chaumont in the diocese of Liège but moved to Falaise but that others said they were from Huy, and refers to her marriage to "Herlewino de Vado comitis"[201]. Doda De Falaise. Fulbert and his wife had opposed their daughter's relationship with the duke, wanting her to marry someone in her station of life. Fulbert of Falaise (birth: 970, Falais, France, death: 1017, Normandy, France) aka Fulbert de Tonnerre, was the father of Herleva, mother of the illegitimate William the Conqueror, the 11th-century Duke of Normandy and King of England. Fulbert DE FALAISE Chamberlain Born: 978, Falaise, Calvados, France, Marriage Information: Fulbert married Doda INGHEN MAÍL COLUIM, daughter of Mael-Coluim II MAC CINÁEDA King of the Scots and Unnamed Queen of the Scots. Roots 121E, 130;The Dukes of Normandy by Onslow; AIS; Fortune's Knave by Mary Lide. After the birth of William, Fulbert was appointed the Duke's chamberlain. (Doda INGHEN MAÍL COLUIM was born about 980 in Falaise, Normandie. Guillaume de Jumièges names "Herlève fille le Fulbert valet de chamber du duc" as mother of Duke Guillaume II, recording that "un certain Herluin, brave chevalier, prit Herlève pour femme" after the death of Duke Robert[199]. WikiTree| 26 Mar 2014 -- Recent scholarship discounts Fulbert as a tanner. (PDF) Fulbert de Falaise and Descendants | Margie J Brown - Academia.edu As the maternal grandfather of William the Conqueror, Fulbert, the Tanner of Falaise, occupies a unique place in history. [4] Perhaps linking Orderic's two additions, contemporary practice made the chamberlain one of the persons responsible for burials. Onslow: He was a Walloon, born at Chaumont nea rLiege,Belgium. Fulbert "The Tanner" de Falaise, 978 - 1017 Fulbert "The Tanner" de Falaise was born in 978, at birth place, to Thorgils the Strong "Prince of Sweden" Sprakaleg Styrbjörnsson and Prinsessan SIGRID Styrbjornson (born Haraldsdotter Sprakling). 11th century) was the father of Herleva, mother of the illegitimate William the Conqueror, the 11th-century Duke of Normandy and King of England. ---------------------------------- Fulbert of Falaise (fl. Title: jvbetzer@jps.net Author: John Betzer Repository: Media: Electronic 2. He married Doda (c976-1003). Truly, the French word for "tanner" is "tanneur". Fulbert has traditionally been held to be a tanner, but recent study of early sources questions this, proposing that his trade involved preparing corpses for burial and that he might even have been an embalmer or apothecary. He was born CA 971 in Falaise, Calvados, Basse-Normandie, FRANCE. Truly, the French word for "tanner" is "tanneur". Fulbert kan like gjerne ha vært en pelsbereder, drevet med balsamering, apoteker, eller en som la ut likene for begravelse. Father: Earl Thorgils "Sprakaleg" [@ <^>v] Styrjornsson b: ABT 939 in Sweden Mother: Dau [<^>v] Sigrid b: BET 941 AND 961 in Halland, Sweden, Marriage 1 Doda [@ <^>v] de Falaise b: 985 in Falaise, Calvados, France, http://worldconnect.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=PED&db=gilead07&id=I253485, Chambellan de Robert le Diable (Duc de Normandie). F i Herleve de FALAISE was born 1006 and died 1050. Fulbert of Falaise (fl. Robert had a mistress by the name of Beatrice De Lamache who was born 1003---1050 in France . ), Fulbert of Falaise From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Fulbert "The Tanner" av Falaise er William Erobrerens bestefar. Guillaume de Jumièges names "Herlève fille le Fulbert valet de chamber du duc" as mother of Duke Guillaume II, recording that "un certain Herluin, brave chevalier, prit Herlève pour femme" after the death of Duke Robert[199]. ), 1:351, Los Angeles Public Library, 929.721 C682. If so he may have come by his occupation through marriage. en som er ansvarlig for begravelser. Fulbert of Falaise (fl. M ii Walter de FALAISE 1 was born 1008 in Falaise, Normandie, France. Perhaps linking Orderic's two additions, contemporary practice made the chamberlain one of the persons responsible for burials. Herleva (c. 1003 – c. 1050) was an 11th century Norman woman known for having been mother of William the Conqueror, born to an extramarital relationship with Robert I, Duke of Normandy, and also of William's prominent half-brothers Odo of Bayeux and Robert, Count of Mortain, born to Herleva's marriage to Herluin de Conteville Fulbert har tradisjonelt sett blitt holdt for å være garver, men en fersk studie av tidlige kilder stiller spørsmål dette. Fulbert de FALAISE 1, 2 was born 980 in Falaise, Normandie, France. Arms for Grey of Codnor and Rotherfield: Barry of six, argent and azure. This is based on examination of the original source, the context of Duke William's mockery and the Latin and French words later chroniclers had trouble translating. AIS: Fulbert of Falaise. Soon after their first meeting, Robert sent a message to Herleva asking her to meet him at his castle at Brionne. van Houts, Elisabeth M. C. (1986). * Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis, Lines: 121-23, 121E-22, 130-23. Another name for Robert was Robert de MORTAIN Earl … Falaise, Calvados, Basse-Normandie, France, Falaise, Calvados, Lower Normandy, France, Ancestors of Robert Harry Chapman - Carpenter's Son, Walter de Falaise, Chamberlain of Normandy, http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/NORMANDY.htm, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulbert_of_Falaise, http://uts.cc.utexas.edu/~churchh/edw3chrt.html#BEGIN, http://users.legacyfamilytree.com/NorthernEurope/f241.htm#f62978, http://masseyfamgenealogy.tripod.com/a33.htm#i4712, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulbert_of_Falaise, http://tudorplace.com.ar/GREY1.htm#Fulbert%20The%20Tanner%20De%20FALAISE, Birth of Lord Reynald de Falaise, Lord of Croy, Birth of Walter de Falaise, Chamberlain of Normandy. Freeman , ii, 610-17; Douglas , 379-80; de Bouard, 84-5. van Houts van Houts, 403; Crouch Douglas, 381; van Houts, 403 van Houts, 403, citing Lanfranc . She married Fulbert de FALAISE on 1005 in Falaise, Normandie, France. After the birth of William, Fulbert was given a subordinate office at the Norman court, along with his two sons, Osbert and Walter. The English Historical Review. Orderic Vitalis calls her "Duke Robert's concubine", and records her marriage, referring to her husband as stepfather to Duke Guillaume[200]. Thorgils I Sprakaleg (PRINCE of SWEDEN) Styrbjornsson, born about 950 - Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden, deceased in 1020 - Sweden aged about 70 years old Married before 980, Uppsala, Stockholm, Sweden, to During the seige of Alençon (1051-2) William was taunted by his enemies for his connection to the tanner's daughter and reeking of the scent of the tannery. This paper discusses widely circulated myths and hypotheses surrounding the origins of … Fulbert "The Tanner" de Falaise is William the Conqueror, King of England's grandfather. Justice By A Miracle; The Voice From The Shadow Box; The Lonesome Club Murder Mystery; During the seige of Alençon (1051-2) William was taunted by his enemies for his connection to the tanner's daughter and reeking of the scent of the tannery. Fulbert of Falaise (fl. He married Duxia on 1005 in Falaise, Normandie, France. * Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis, Lines: 121-23, 121E-22, 130-23 * The Church Hymn Book for the Worship of God. The Walter of Falaise named by Orderic Vitalis is likely a son. Fulbert has traditionally been held to be a tanner, … Fulbert de Falaise (Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, Page 67, Line 89-31). Fulbert had a wife named Princess of Scotland Doda Falaise and four children named Beatrice, Walter, Heleve, Reynald. Spouse: Doda de Falaise Child: Herlève Sources and Resources, http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/NORMANDY.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulbert_of_Falaise MEDIEVAL LANDS, Robert de Torigny names "Aeliz" as daughter of Duke Robert II "de alia concubina" from Herleve[198]. Children (3) Herleva de Falaise. References Crouch, David (2002). 2Cokayne, George Edward, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct, or Dormant (London: St. Catherine Press, 1910. Others have favoured a more literal reading, that Herleva's family had been undertakers or embalmers. Så han kan ha kommet til dette yrket gjennom sitt ekteskap. Fulbert de Falaise was born circa 971 in Falaise, Calvados, Lower Normandy, France and died 1017 in Falaise, Calvados, Lower Normandy, France of unspecified causes. Fulbert de Falaise 'The Saxon' Suffix "the Tanner" Relationship: with Francis Fox: Born: Abt 978 : Falaise, Calvados, France : Gender: Male : Died: Yes, date unknown : Person ID: I14370 : Geneagraphie | … The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the mother of Duke Guillaume as "filia…Herbertus pelliparius et uxor eius Doda sive Duwa", specifying that they were from Chaumont in the diocese of Liège but moved to Falaise but that others said they were from Huy, and refers to her marriage to "Herlewino de Vado comitis". 1003-1078. Chamberlain Rollo Fulbert de Falaise. Mistress (2): HERLEVE [Arlette], daughter of FULBERT [de Falaise] & his wife Doda [Duwa] ---. Robert de Torigny names "Aeliz" as daughter of Duke Robert II "de alia concubina" from Herleve[198]. Fulbert chamberlain de Falaise was born in 978, in Falaise, Calvados, Basse-Normandie, France. Harlette De had two spouses/partners named Robert I "The Magnificent" Duke Of NORMANDY, Harlevin De CONTEVILLE and eight children named Guillaume I "Le Conquberant" De, Adbelahide De, Odo De, Robert Count De, Miss De, Mathilde De, Muriel De, Emma De. Translation being somewhat uncertain, Fulbert may instead have been a furrier, embalmer, apothecary, or a person who laid out corpses for burial. The History of the Norman Conquest. Pedigree report of Harlette De FALAISE, daughter of Fulbert De FALAISE and Doda Of FALAISE. Later chroniclers have her father named as Fulbert and it’s been said he was a tanner. Profession: local tanner in Falaise, Calvados, Basse-Normandie, FRANCE. "The Origins of Herleva, Mother of William the Conqueror". The most commonly accepted version says that she was the daughter of a tanner named Fulbert from the town of Falaise, in Normandy. Has Children Walter [@ <^>v] de Falaise b: ABT 1005 in Falaise, Calvados, France 4. Orderic also added to the Gesta that Fulbert served as the Duke's chamberlain (cubicularii ducis). 11th century) was the father of Herleva, mother of the illegitimate William the Conqueror, the 11th-century Duke of Normandy and King of England. Fulbert Rolla de Falaise unknown– 1026 ... memorial page for Doda De Falaise (980–1003), Find a Grave Memorial no. Born: Abt 978, Falaise, Normandy, France; Marriage: Unknown General Notes: ~Weis's Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700, 8th Edition, 121:23, 121E:22, 130:23-24, Robert I, Duke of Normandy married a Danish wife by the name of Herleve (or Arlette), daughter of Fulbert of Falais, tanner. The best guess is Herleva was born c. 1003-1010 in Falaise, Normandy in France. 11th century) was the father of Herleva, mother of the illegitimate William the Conqueror, the 11th-century Duke of Normandy and King of England. Fulbert has traditionally been held to be a tanner , based on translations of Orderic's additions to the Gesta Normannorum Ducum . Thorgils "Sprakaleg" Styrjornsson ca 960-Sigrid Sprakling Of Denmark ca 940-1000 Spouses and children. Within a year a little boy was born. Fulbert de Falaise-Marriage: France. ID: I104304 Name: Fulbert "The Tanner" [@ <^>v] de Falaise 1 Sex: M Birth: BET 976 AND 978 in Falaise, Calvados, France Father: Earl Thorgils "Sprakaleg" [@ <^>v] Styrjornsson b: ABT 939 in Sweden Mother: Dau [<^>v] Sigrid b: BET 941 AND 961 in Halland, Sweden. Douglas, David C. (1963). Moved to Falaise and became a wealthy tanner, an occupation of low regard--and high smell. 1. Fulbert of Falaise (fl. ... Possible Children: Herleve (Salburpyr) de FALAISE ; Beatrice (de FALAIZE ?) Fulbert of Falaise (fl. Ancestors are fromFrance. One later poetic source interpreted the occupation to be that of tailor, but in part due to flawed transcripts of the original, many historians have concluded he was a tanner. Fulbert "The Tanner" de Falaise is William the Conqueror, King of England's grandfather. Fulbert of Falaise (birth: 970, Falais, France, death: 1017, Normandy, France) aka Fulbert de Tonnerre, was the father of Herleva, mother of the illegitimate William the Conqueror, the 11th-century Duke of Normandy and King of England. He writes that during the siege of Alençon (1051-2), the natives had been mutilated by William after they called him a pelliciarius (pelterer), because his mother's kinsmen had been pollinctores (corpse preparers). 11th century) was the father of Herleva, mother of the illegitimate William the Conqueror, the 11th-century Duke of Normandy and King of England. 0980-1003. The name of Duke Robert's first mistress is not known. The French word, "Tonnerre", translates into English as "Thunder". Freeman, Edward A. Genealogy Hoppenbrouwers » Fulbert de Falaise (973-1017) Personal data Fulbert de Falaise Source 1 He was born in the year 973 in Falaise, Calvados, Basse-Normandie, France. [5], https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fulbert_of_Falaise&oldid=926245240, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 15 November 2019, at 03:28. 1006-1069. The Walter of Falaise named by Orderic Vitalis is likely a son. Lide: In her novel she says Fulbert had a son Walter, who helped William the Bastard escape from the clutches of Ralph de Gace, who hoped to became the Duke of Normandy. Fulbert de Falaise, Chamberlain,was the father of Arlette or Herleve, mistress of Robert of Normandy. Robert DE MORTAGNE Earl of Cornwall 1711 1712 1713 (Herleve 'Arlette' DE FALAISE Mother of the Conqueror 2, Fulbert DE 1) was born circa 1031 in Mortagne-au-Perche, Orne, Normandy, France,1712 1713 died 8 Dec 1095 in Abbey of St. Grestain, Normandy, France 1712 1713 at age 64, and was buried in Abbey of St. Grestain, Normandy, France. Editor Edwin F. Hatfield. It has been suggested that this occurred after William's birth. Fulbert De Falaise — No Comments Leave a Reply Cancel reply. Chamberlain Fulbert … Fulbert kone, Doada kan ha vært fra den skotske klanen Beaton, Klanen ble godt kjent for leger, morticians og apothecaries (språk-beatha Aqua vitae. Has Children Dau [@ <^v] de Falaize b: ABT 1000 2. Fulbert de Falaise. 11th century) was the father of Herleva, mother of the illegitimate William the Conqueror, the 11th-century Duke of Normandy and King of England. 978 2 PLAC Falaise, Normandie 1 BIRT 2DATE ABT. Fulbert married Doda de Falaise in 1002, at age 24. Thorgils was born in 945, in Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden. William the Conqueror. [3] It has been suggested that this occurred after William's birth. Fulbert has traditionally been held to be a tanner, based on translations of Orderic Vitalis' additions to … You must be logged in to post a comment. William the Conqueror. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. The Walter of Falaise named by Orderic Vitalis is likely a son. Sources: RC 89, 160; Kraentzler 1156, 1264, 1265; AF; A. 980 2 PLAC Chaumont, Belgium 2 SOUR S033320 3 DATA 4 TEXTDate of Import: Jan 17, 2001 [De La Pole.FTW] Geni requires JavaScript! They had a daughter Heruela, or Herlotta, mother of William, the Conqueror. Those theories also have been presented that Fulbert himself may have been married to Doada a member of the Scottish Clan Beaton, whose clan were well famed for being physicians, morticians and apothecaries (uisge-beatha Aqua vitae. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. He writes that during the siege of Alençon (1051-2), the natives had been mutilated by William after they called him a pelliciarius (pelterer), because his mother's kinsmen had been pollinctores (corpse preparers). 11th century) was the father of Herleva, mother of the illegitimate William the Conqueror, the 11th-century Duke of Normandy and King of England. Parents: not known, NOT Malcolm of Scotland Spouse: Fulbert 'the Tanner' de Falaise Child: Arlette (Herlève) de Falaise Doda De Falaise Princess Of Scotland (daughter of Malcolm Mackenneth II King of Scotland and Edith De Orkney) was born 980 in Falaise, Calvados, [region], France, and died 1003 in Falaise, Calvados, [region], France.She married Fulbert De Falaise on 1000 in Falaise, … Notes Normandy portal e.g. Fulbert passed away in … Occupation: Tanner & Ferrier ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++, ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++, HERLEVE [Arlette], daughter of FULBERT [de Falaise] & his wife Doda [Duwa] ---. Chambellan de Robert le Diable (Duc de Normandie) -------------------- Thought to be a royal undertaker -------------------- Rollo, or Filbert, Chamberlain to Robert, Duke of Normandy, had gift of the castle and honor of Croy, in Pickardy, from whence his posterity assumed this surname, which was afterwards changed from Croy to Grey. Også greven av Flandern aksepterte senere Herleva som en skikket verge for hans egen datter. The Normans - The History of a Dynasty. (S2) John Simkin, Herleva of Falaise (1996) Herleva was the daughter of Fulbert, a tanner in Falaise. 1008-1059. Reynald de Falaise. Walter De Falaise. He passed away in Normandy, France. The Walter of Falaise named by Orderic Vitalis is likely a son. Begge fakta ville ha vært bortimot umulig om deres far hadde vært en garver, noe som er litt mer enn en bonde. It's all about family. Fulbert of Falaise ( fl. He was given the name William. Robert, Duke of Normandy fell in love with this beautiful girl. (In the Librarian of the Congress at Washington D. C., 1872. 7. FamilySearch is a nonprofit family history organization dedicated to connecting families across generations. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. William the Conqueror. Pedigree report of Chamberlain Fulbert de Falaise, son of Thorkils (Sparkalägg) Styrbjornsson and Sigrid, born in 0978 in Falaise, Normandie. The name of Duke Robert's first mistress is not known. Alternative Father of Possible Children: prob. He also became Chamberlain to Duke Robert after his daughter became the duke's mistress. Fulbert De Falaise family tree Father of Beatrice de Falaise; Herleva of Falaise; Lord Reynald de Falaise, Lord of Croy; Osbern, Steward of Normandy and Walter de Falaise, Chamberlain of Normandy. Born about 978 - Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden; Deceased - Falaise Castle, Calvados, Normandy, France Parents. not Fulbert `the Tanner' de FALAIS [alt ped] -- Rognold (Rogerwald) of HAARFARER | OR: poss. Born in Falaise, Normandy, France to Thorgils Styrbjornsson and Sigrid Sprakling. The Walter of Falaise named by Orderic Vitalis is likely a son. Ragnvald (Earl/Jarl) of MORE + Beatrice de Falaise - 1085 Has more than 100 ancestors and more than 100 descendants in this family tree. Fulbert has traditionally been held to be a tanner, based on translations of Orderic's additions to the Gesta Normannorum Ducum. Has Children Countsss Herleive Arletta [@ <^>v] de Falaise b: 1003 in Falaise, Calvados, France 3. The evidence is not beyond dispute, but Fulbert has traditionally been held to be a tanner, which was a common occupation in Falaise, and in King William's later life he was often taunted by enemies who pretended he stank of the tannery. Personal data Fulbert Chamberlain de "The Tanner" Falaise Nickname is The Tanner. Guillaume de Jumièges names "Herlève fille le Fulbert valet de chamber du duc" as mother of Duke Guillaume II, recording that "un certain Herluin, brave chevalier, prit Herlève pour femme" after the death of Duke Robert[199]. 974. ), Douglas, David C. (1963). (1870). They had 3 children: Osborne Osbern de Criton, Walter Gauthier De Falaise and Beatrice de Venoix. She married Herluin de Conteville (c1001-1066) 1031 JL . He later also became a brewer--a combination not viewed highly by the public. Husband of Doda of Falaise Fulbert De Falaise married Doda deFalais deScotland and had 1 child. Yet another variation of this story presents Fulbert as a member of the family of the Counts de Tonnerre, hence accounting for his surname Tanner; but this translation is incorrect. Discover life events, stories and photos about Fulbert de Falaise (0978–1017) of Falaise, Calvados, Basse-Normandie, France. Noteworthy descendants include Henry II of England (1133-1189) William I of England (1027-1087) Contemporary practice made the chamberlain one of the persons responsible for burials. New York and Chicago, 1872. Orderic in his Historia Ecclesiastica, the knight Herluin prepared the burial of William the Conqueror. Fulbert `the Tanner' de FALAIS [alt ped] (of Danish descent) Born: abt. 1 NAME Fulbert /De Falaise/ 1 NAME Fulbert /de Falaise/ 2 SOUR S0333203 DATA 4 TEXT Date of Import: Jan 17, 2001 1 BIRT 2 PLAC Falaise,Normandy 1 BIRT 2 DATE ABT. de Bouard, M. (1984). Herleva of Falaise was born circa1003 in Falaise, France to Fulbert de Falaise (c971-1017) and Doda (c976-1003) and died circa1050 of unspecified causes. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the mother of Duke Guillaume as "filia…Herbertus pelliparius et uxor eius Doda sive Duwa", specifying that they were from Chaumont in the diocese of Liège but moved to Falaise but that others said they were from Huy, and refers to her marriage to "Herlewino de Vado comitis"[201]. About FamilySearch. HM George I's 18-Great Uncle. Print Family Tree. Duxia was born 984 in Falaise, Normandie, France. Det er blitt hevdet at etter fødselen av William, ble Fulbert utnevnt til hertugens chamberlain. Sources: 1Weis, Frederick Lewis, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (7th ed., Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1992. Mistress (2): HERLEVE [Arlette], daughter of FULBERT [de Falaise] & his wife Doda [Duwa] ---. F iii Beatrice de FALAISE was born 1020 and died 10 Apr 1085. ___________________________________. Falaise was well known at that time for its industry of tanning or converting animal skin or hide into leather. [2], Orderic also added to the Gesta that Fulbert served as the Duke's chamberlain (cubicularii ducis). ), 121-23, 121E-22, Los Angeles Public Library, Gen 974 W426 1992. 101 (399): 399-404. doi :10.1093/ehr/ci.cccxcix.399. Kanskje var han et medlem av borgerklassen, det vil si de som bodde i byene (burgher) Dette er støttet av det faktum at sønner opptrer i et senere dokument som vitner for en umyndig Vilhelm. Orderic Vitalis calls her "Duke Robert's concubine", and records her marriage, referring to her husband as stepfather to Duke Guillaume[200]. Recent Posts. William the Conqueror. Learn how your comment data is processed. Fulbert de Falaise about 978 - about 1017 (~ 39 years) Individual; Family/Spouse; Ancestors; Descendants; Relationship; Personal Information | All | PDF Fulbert of Falaise worked as Tanner & Ferrier; ... "Fulbert de Falaise", "Chamberlain", "Fulbert "le Tanneur"", "Fulbert /De Falaise/", "The Tanner", "Fulbert /De Failise/", ""The Tanner"", "Fulbert PELLETIER de FALAISE", Name: Fulbert "The Tanner" [@ <^>v] de Falaise 1, Birth: BET 976 AND 978 in Falaise, Calvados, France, Douglas, David C. (1963). 11th century) was the father of Herleva, mother of the illegitimate William the Conqueror, the 11th-century Duke of Normandy and King of England.